Browsing by Author "Figurnyi, Yu."

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Repressive policy of the occupiers during the declared Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war against religious communities of Ukraine
(2022) Vysoven, О.; Висовень, О.; Figurnyi, Yu.; Фігурний, Ю.; Molotkina, V.; Молоткіна, В.; Brehunets, N.; Брехунець, Н.
The article analyzes the repressive policy of the occupiers during the undeclared RussianUkrainian hybrid war against the religious communities of Ukraine in 2014–2022. It has been established that the “russian world'' is a neo-imperial, geopolitical, ideological doctrine aimed at the theoretical substantiation and practical restoration of the "great historical Russia" within the borders of the Russian Empire at the peak of its power in 1914. By way of the "russian world," an important "soft power" of the Kremlin, Russia first planned to capture the mental space of Ukraine and the brains of its citizens; then, if necessary, they would deploy troops and annex this territory to their state. The Russian Orthodox Church played an important role in Russia's neo-imperial plans, as it was an active embodiment of the “russian world" in the spiritual, political, cultural, and humanitarian spaces of Ukraine. Russia's undeclared war against Ukraine and Ukrainians, which began in 2014 and temporarily occupied a large part of Ukraine, was a real ordeal for the Ukrainian state and its citizens and a terrible tragedy for believers of all faiths. Examples of crimes against humanity committed by Russian terrorist forces on the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine against religious communities are highlighted. The consequences of the criminal and aggressive policy of the Kremlin and the "russian world" introduced by the Russian terrorist forces and its impact on the situation of believers are shown. There are two tendencies that characterize the attitude of the Russian aggressors and their servants towards the believers of different denominations in Ukraine. During the first stage of the hybrid war (February 20, 2014 – February 23, 2022) the occupiers and their proxies on the temporarily occupied territories of Eastern Ukraine (parts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions) and Crimea in accordance with the "russian world" doctrine favorized the Ukrainian Orthodox Churches of the Moscow Patriarchate, because they rightly considered it their ally in the conquest of Ukraine. During the second phase of the fullscale aggression of Russian troops (February 24, 2022) and the collapse of the so-called Russian blitzkrieg, the occupiers became inhumane and began destroying religious buildings, killing clergy and believers regardless of religion.
The Influence of Atheist Propaganda of the Communist Regime on the Lives of Believers and Their Children (1946-1991)
(2021) Vysoven, О.; Висовень, О.; Brehunets, N.; Брехунець, Н.; Figurnyi, Yu.; Фігурний, Ю.; Zham, E.; Жам, О.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the antireligious policy of the Soviet government, which was carried out by the communist regime in Ukraine in the cultural and educational spheres to completely eradicate religion from the lives of the Soviet people. The main purpose of atheistic propaganda was to convince ordinary people that religion and its bearers were enemies of the communist state. Atheistic propaganda was carried out in the form of lectures on natural science and atheistic topics, atheistic evenings of questions and answers, and demonstrations of scientific and feature films. Punitive and repressive methods of atheistic propaganda were used to punish opposition believers who failed to cooperate with the authorities. Special officers of the State Security Committee, Komsomol, and party activists, researchers, teachers, artistic, and creative intelligentsia took part in the atheistic propaganda. Although the Khrushchev campaign continued to spend a lot of money on films to promote atheism, most of them were not very successful, so the communist regime failed to end religion in a short time, especially at the domestic level. The communist regime organized educational work among pupils and students in the spirit of militant materialism in schools, secondary schools, special educational institutions, and higher education institutions. Atheistic propaganda for children and youth was carried out systematically in the form of popular lectures on natural sciences, atheistic topics, demonstrations of scientific films, and through group and individual conversations. In order to prevent the penetration of religious ideology in the minds of children and to influence their feelings, one of the means of this influence was scientific, popular science articles, and works of art directed against religion and its adherents. Children and young people brought up in the spirit of militant materialism were involved together with teachers, lecturers, Communist Party, and Komsomol, pioneering activists in the re-education of children from religious families. It was children whose parents belonged to opposition religious communities or were serving sentences for religious beliefs who found it most difficult to socialize without renunciation of their parents and religion.