Особливості професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів загальнотехнічних дисциплін в контексті формування технологічної культури

Abstract

У статті розглянуто особливості професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів загально технічних дисциплін. Основний акцент зроблено на технологічній підготовці студентів як основи формування в них технологічної культури. Автором визначено зміст технологічної підготовки, що передбачає засвоєння певної системи знань, формування умінь, навичок і досвіду. Доведено, що основне призначення технологічної підготовки студентів є розвиток технологічної грамотності та технологічної компетентності в їх взаємозв’язку. Результатом професійної підготовки визначено готовність майбутніх фахівців до професійної діяльності. The article examines the features of professional training of future general technical subjects teachers. It is determined that the term "training" of teachers of general technical subjects includes the following types of training: pedagogical, methodological, psychological, scientific, objective, common technical. The special attention is given to high school subject training, which is divided into theoretical and practical training. It is proved that features of training future teachers of general technical subjects are interdisciplinary communications, integration of disciplines beyond the object, the application of knowledge and skills from different disciplines in order to effective problem-search activity. The main emphasis is done on the technological training of students as the basis of formation of their technological culture. The content of technological training, which involves mastering a specific knowledge system, the formation of skills and experience, is defined by the author. It is proved that the main purpose of technological training of students is to develop a technological literacy and technological competence in their interconnection. The technological literacy implies the existence of technological knowledge and understanding the nature of activity technology, relationships between production and society, and the impact of technology on the environment. The technological competence is an integral personality-active quality that characterizes the human capacity to put technological problems of different difficulty levels and to find their optimal solution. The result of professional training is determined as the future specialists’ readiness for a professional work as an integrated, multi-level, dynamic personality formation that provides future specialists the successful performance of professional functions (gnostic - determining the level of teachers’ awareness for the sphere of material production; of designing - perspective planning and information support of the educational process; organizational-technological - organization of students’ cooperation using various teaching aids; aesthetic - availability of aesthetic artistic taste; developing - development of professionally important personality qualities).